طراحی استانداردها و شاخص‌های آموزشی یادگیری الکترونیکی اثرگذار در آموزش آنلاین

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

هیات علمی دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

محتوا بعد اصلی در هر برنامه درسی است. در حوزه یادگیری الکترونیکی نیز به علت وجود ابزارها و فناوری‌های متنوع تولید محتوا، هنوز چارچوب و دستورالعمل جامعی بر اساس علم آموزش وجود ندارد تا به کمک آن به تولید و یا انتخاب محتوای متناسب با اهداف یادگیری پرداخت. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر تدوین استانداردهای آموزشی و شاخص‌های آن‌ها بوده است تا بر این اساس بتوان برای هر نوع هدف آموزشی با به‌کارگیری فناوری مناسب، محتوای مناسب و مؤثر را انتخاب و یا طراحی نمود. رویکرد پژوهش کیفی و از استراتژی طرح پدیدارشناسی بهره گرفته‌شده است. جامعه مورد پژوهش کلیه مدرسین مراکز یادگیری الکترونیکی دانشگاهی هستند که تعداد 12 نفر از آن‌ها بر اساس طرح نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی به‌ شکل هدفمند تا رسیدن به اشباع داده، انتخاب‌شده‌اند. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات از شیوه مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شده است. تحلیل داده‌ها و تعیین مقوله‌ها و استانداردها با تکنیک کدگذاری کوربین و اشتراوس و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ماکس کیودا انجام گردید. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش به تدوین 2 استاندارد آموزشی و 21 شاخص ضروری بر اساس طبقه‌بندی بلوم – اندرسون، برای طراحی و یا انتخاب محتوای مؤثر و مناسب در حوزه یادگیری مجازی‌محور انجامید. نتایج پژوهش می‌تواند طراحان و تکنولوژیست‌های آموزشی را در طراحی محیط‌های یادگیری و مدیران و ارزیابان برنامه‌های یادگیری الکترونیک را در ارزیابی از محیط‌های یادگیری الکترونیکی کمک نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing effective e-learning educational standards and indicators in online education

نویسنده [English]

  • kazem hassani
1 Department of Educational, Faculty of Humanities, Payame Noor University (pnu)
چکیده [English]

The Content is the main dimension in any curriculum. In the field of e-learning, due to the existence of various content production tools and technologies, there is still no comprehensive framework and guidelines based on educational science to help produce or select content appropriate to learning goals. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to develop educational standards and their indicators so that, based on this, appropriate and effective content can be selected or designed for any type of educational goal by using appropriate technology. Qualitative research approach is used and based this approach, the phenomenological design strategy has been used. The population included 12 people of subject matter and faculty member in academic e-learning centers which were selected through purposeful sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. Data analysis and determination of categories and standards were performed using the Corbin and Strauss coding technique and Max Qoda software.The results of the research led to the development of 2 educational standards and 21 essential indicators based on Bloom-Anderson's taxonomy for designing or selecting effective and appropriate content in the field of virtual-based learning.. The results of the research can help designers and educational technologists in designing learning environments and managers and evaluators of e-learning programs in evaluating e-learning environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • E-learning
  • educational standards
  • online education
  • Bloom-Anderson taxonomy
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