با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی تربیتی ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی روش‌های کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی و یادگیری اجتماعی- هیجانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر مؤلفه‌های شایستگی اجتماعی- هیجانی و عملکرد تحصیلی کودکان بود. روش این مطالعه به شیوة نیمه آزمایشی و با طرحپیش آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل نابرابر بود جامعة پژوهش شامل دانش‌آموزان پسر دورة دوم ابتدایی شهر همدان در سال 98-1397 بود که 54 نفر از آنها، با شیوة خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمایش (18 نفره) و یک گروه کنترل (18 نفره) قرار گرفتند. ابتدا افراد گروه‌های آزمایش و کنترل مقیاس شایستگی‌های اجتماعی- هیجانی ژو و‌ای (2012) و آزمون محقق ساخته عملکرد تحصیلی را در مرحله پیش‌آزمون تکمیل کردند. سپس افراد یک گروه آزمایش در 10 جلسه تحت آموزش روش کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی و گروه آزمایشی دیگر در 18 هفتة (90 فایل صوتی) تحت آموزش روش یادگیری اجتماعی- هیجانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی قرار گرفتند و در گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله‌ای صورت نگرفت. بعد از اتمام آموزش همه گروه‌ها دوباره ابزار را در مرحله پس‌آزمون تکمیل کردند. نتایج به دست آمده از آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد که اثربخشی دو روش ذهن‌آگاهی بر افزایش مؤلفه‌های شایستگی اجتماعی- هیجانی و عملکرد تحصیلی معناداری بود (01/0p>). اما تفاوت معناداری در اثربخشی دو روش مشاهده نشد (05/0p>). بر اساس این یافته‌ها می‌‌توان نتیجه گرفت که ذهن‌آگاهی می‌‌تواند به عنوان یک روش تأثیرگذار بر ارتقاء شایستگی‌های اجتماعی- هیجانی و عملکرد تحصیلی در مدارس ابتدایی مورد استفاده قرار بگیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Social-Emotional Learning on the Components of Social-Emotional Competence and Academic Performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Safdar Nabizadeh 1
  • Rasool Kord Noghabi 2
  • Abolghasem Yaghoobi 3
  • Khosro Rashid 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Educational Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based social-emotional learning on the components of social-emotional competence and children's academic performance. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with post-test pre-test design with unequal control group. The study population consisted of male students of the second elementary school of Hamedan in 1397-98, that 54 students of whom were selected by cluster sampling method and were divided into two experimental groups (18 people) and a control group (18 people). First, students in the experimental and control groups filled the Zhou and Ee (2012) Socio-Emotional Competence Scale and the researcher-made academic performance test in the pre-test stage. Then, one experimental group was trained in mindfulness-based stress reduction method in 10 sessions and the other experimental group was trained in mindfulness-based social-emotional learning method in 18 weeks (90 audio files) and the control group no received interventions. After completing the training, all groups completed the tool again in the post-test phase. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the effectiveness of two methods of mindfulness on increasing the components of social-emotional competence and academic performance was significant (p< 0.01). But no significant difference was observed in the effectiveness of the two methods (p> 0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that mindfulness can be used as an effective method to promote social-emotional competencies and academic performance in primary schools.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Academic Performance
  • Mindfulness-Based Stress Re-duction
  • Mindfulness-Based Social-Emotional Learning
بدری گرگری، رحیم؛ احراری، غفور؛ فتحی آذر، اسکندر؛ و میرنسب، میرمحمود (1397). تأثیر برنامه یادگیری اجتماعی- هیجانی بر شایستگی‌های روانی- اجتماعی و رضایت از مدرسه دانش‌آموزان پسر پنجم ابتدایی شهرستان سقز. نشریه راهبردهای آموزش در علوم پزشکی، 11(3): 12-1.
 
 
 
Andreu, C.I., Araya-Veliz, C. & García-Rubio, C. (2021). Benefits of a Mindfulness-based Intervention at School from the Perspective of At-risk Children. Mindfulness, 12, 1611–1623.
Bakosh, L. S., Snow, R. M., Tobias, J. M., Houlihan, J. L., & Barbosa- Leiker, C. (2016). Maximizing mindful learning: mindful awareness intervention improves elementary school students’ quarterly grades. Mindfulness, 7(1), 59-67.
CASEL (Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning). (2018). Core SEL Competencies. Retrieved from: https://CASEL.org/core-competencies/
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. (2015). Social and emotional learning core competencies. Retrieved from http://www.casel.org/social-and-emotional-learning/corecompetencies/.
Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. (2017). Key implementation insights from the Collaborating Districts Initiative. Chicago, IL: Author.
Cooper Stapp, A., & Lambers, A. (2020). The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Yoga Interventions on Fifth-Grade Students’ Perceived Stress and Anxiety. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 12(5), 471–480.
De Carvalho, J.S., Pinto, A.M. & Maroco, J. (2017). Results of a Mindfulness-Based Social-Emotional Learning Program on Portuguese Elementary Students and Teachers: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Mindfulness, 8, 337–350
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students' social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school based universal interventions. Child Development, 82(1), 405-432.
Felver, J. C., Celis-de Hoyos, C. E., Tezanos, K., & Singh, N. N. (2016). A systematic review of mindfulness-based interventions for youth in school settings. Mindfulness, 7(1), 34-45.
Feuerborn, L., & Gueldner, G. (2019). Mindfulness and social-emotional competencies: proposing connections through a review of the Research. Mindfulness. 10(9), 1707–1720.
Flook, L., Goldberg, S. B., Pinger, L., & Davidson, R. J. (2015). Promoting prosocial behavior and self-regulatory skills in preschool children through a mindfulness-based kindness curriculum. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 44–51.
Gueldner, B. A. & Feuerborn, L. L. (2016). Integrating mindfulness based practices into social and emotional learning: A case application. Mindfulness, 7(1), 164–175.
Jones, S. M., Barnes, S. P., Bailey, R., & Doolittle, E. J. (2017). Promoting social and emotional competencies in elementary school. The Future of Children, 3, 49–72.
Jose, A., Gomes, M., & Cejudo, J. (2019). Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Social–Emotional Learning Program on Psychosocial Adjustment and Neuropsychological Maturity in Kindergarten Children, Mindfulness, 9(3): 254-263.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1982). An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: Theoretical, considerations and preliminary results. General Hospital Psychiatry, 4.33-47.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). “Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: past, present, and  future”. Clinical psychology: Science and practice, 10(2), 144-156.
Kim, E., Jackman, M.M., Jo, S. et al. (2020). Effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Open Mind-Korea (OM-K) Preschool Program. Mindfulness, 11, 1062–1072 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01337-2
Lawlor, M. S. (2016). Mindfulness and social emotional learning (SEL): A conceptual framework. In K. A. Schonert-Reichl & R. W. Roeser (Eds.), Handbook of mindfulness in education (pp. 65–80). NewYork: Springer.
Mahfouz, J., Levitan, J., Schussler, D., Broderick, T., Dvorakova, K., Argusti, M., Greenberg, M. (2018). "Ensuring College Student Success Through Mindfulness-Based Classes: Just Breathe." College Student Affairs Journal, 36 (1), 1-16.
Mahoney, J. L., Weissberg, R. P., Greenberg, M. T., Dusenbury, L., Jagers, R. J., Niemi, K., Schlinger, M., Schlund, J., Shriver, T. P., VanAusdal, K., & Yoder, N. (2020). Systemic social and emotional learning: Promoting educational success for all preschool to high school students. American Psychologist. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000701
Parker, A. E., Kupersmidt, J. B., Mathis, E. T., Scull, T. M., & Sims, C. (2014). The impact of mindfulness education on elementary school students: evaluation of the master mind program. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 7(3), 184–204.
Sapthiang, S., Van Gordon, W., & Shonin, E. (2019). Health school-based mindfulness interventions for improving mental health: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(10), 2650–2658.
Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M. S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T. F., & Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: a randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 51(1), 52–66.
Schussler, D.L., Oh, Y., Mahfouz, J. Levitan, J., Frank, J., Broderick, P. C., et al. (2021). Stress and Well-Being: A Systematic Case Study of Adolescents’ Experiences in a Mindfulness-Based Program. J Child Fam Stud, 30, 431–446.
Taylor, R. D., Durlak, J. A., Oberle, E., & Weissberg, R. P. (2017). Promoting positive youth development through school-based social and emotional learning interventions: a meta-analysis of follow-up effects. Child Development, 88(4), 1156–1171.
Thierry, K. L., Bryant, H. L., Nobles, S. S., & Norris, K. S. (2016). Two-year impact of a mindfulness-based program on preschoolers' self-regulation and academic performance. Early Education and Development, 27(6), 805-821.
Van de Weijer-Bergsma, R., Bögels, S. M., Langenberg, G., & Oort, F. J. (2014). The effectiveness of a school-based mindfulness training as a program to prevent stress in elementary school children. Mindfulness, 5(3), 238-248.
Weissberg, R. P. (2019). Promoting the Social and Emotional Learning of Millions of School Children. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(1), 65–69.
Zenner, C., Herrnleben-Kurz, S., & Walach, H. (2014). Mindfulness based interventions in schools-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 603–603.
Zhou, M., & Ee, J. (2012). Development and validation of the social emotional competence questionnaire (SECQ). International Journal of Emotion Education. 2, 27-42.