با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن روانشناسی تربیتی ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی‌، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه خوارزمی‌، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه خوارمی‌، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار گروه روانشناسی تربیتی دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی کارآمدی رویکرد تلفیقی به آموزش خودکارسازی حقایق ضرب در دانش‌آموزان با ناتوانی ریاضی بود. پژوهش حاضر در قالب یک طرح تک آزمودنی با چند خط پایه هم‌زمان انجام شد. تعداد پنج دانش‌آموز با ناتوانی ریاضی با استفاده از نسخة ایرانی مقیاس هوشی وکسلر - ویرایش پنجم، آزمون ریاضیات ایران کی مت و بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود و خروج از میان تعدادی از دانش‌آموز معرفی شده به مرکز اختلالات یادگیری انتخاب شدند. مداخلة آموزشی شامل آموزش مفهومی‌ حقایق و راهبردهای ضرب با استفاده از آموزش مستقیم و سه حالت بازنمایی دانش (عینی - نمادین - انتزاعی) و خودکارسازی حقایق آموخته شده با استفاده از روش تشخیص - تمرین - تصحیح در ۱۷ جلسه (به طور میانگین ۳۰ دقیقه‌ای) ارائه شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از یک آزمون خود کاری ریاضی جمع‌آوری و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار R به‌صورت دیداری و کمی‌ تحلیل شدند. تحلیل‌های دیداری و شاخص‌های ناهمپوشانی و نیز اندازه‌های اثر به‌دست‌ آمده (بیشترین ۸۹/۲ و کمترین ۴۵/۲) افزایش معنادار در عملکرد را برای هر پنج شرکت‌کننده نشان دادند. همچنین یافته‌ها پایداری خودکاری به‌دست ‌آمده در مرحلة نگه‌داری را نیز تأیید کردند. به نظر میرسد یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌‌تواند رویکردی یکپارچه و مؤثر از آموزش شامل یادگیری مفهومی‌ و یادگیری مبتنی بر حافظه را برای خودکارسازی حقایق ضرب در اختیار معلمان و درمانگران قرار دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Automatization of Basic Multiplication Facts for Children with Mathematics Learning Disability: Integrating Conceptual Learning and Memory-Based Learning

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sima Aghaei 1
  • Hamidreza Hassanabadi 2
  • valiollah farzad 3
  • Hadi Keramati 4

1 Ph.D. Student, Educational Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of an integrated approach to automatization of multiplication facts in students with math learning disability. A single case multiple base line design was used for this study. Five students with math learning disability were selected using WISC-VIR, Iran Key-Math and according to some exclusion - inclusion Criteria among students introduced to learning disabilities clinics in Karaj. The intervention including conceptual learning of multiplications facts and strategies using explicit instruction, and concrete-representational-abstract method, and automatization of learned facts using detect-practice-repair method was presented in 17 thirty-minute sessions. Data was gathered using a one-minute mad math fluency test. Gathered data was analyzed visually and quantitatively, using R software. Compared to baseline, non-overlap indices, visual analysis and effect size indices confirmed a significant increase in automatic retrieve of multiplication facts in all 5 participants. The findings of this study can help teachers and SLD therapists to build a good foundation for math proficiency in everybody who has math difficulty.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Automaticity of Multiplication Facts؛ Direct instruc-tion؛ Concrete – Representational - Abstract Method؛ Detect - Practice-Repair Method
  • Cover-Copy - Com-pare Method
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