Cognitive psychology and school learning
seyede molod salari poor; Alireza Hajiyakhchali; Morteza Omidiyan; Naser Behroozy
Abstract
AbstractAim: This research determination the effect of coloring mandalas on working memory, and test anxiety in grade 12 female high school students in Ahvaz City, Iran.Method: This was an experimental study with Semi-experimental type of unequal control group, and one month follow-up. The statistical ...
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AbstractAim: This research determination the effect of coloring mandalas on working memory, and test anxiety in grade 12 female high school students in Ahvaz City, Iran.Method: This was an experimental study with Semi-experimental type of unequal control group, and one month follow-up. The statistical population included all grade 12 female high school students in Ahvaz. The study sample was selected using cluster sampling based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For this purpose, one education district was selected first and all grade 12 students in this school took the GHQ-28 screening test. Thirty of those scoring above the cut-off point were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 students in each group). Both groups were evaluated in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages using the Wechsler Memory Scale, which includes the digit span test (Wechsler, 2009), and Friedman Test Anxiety Scale (Friedman, 1997). The experimental group attended eleven 45-minute sessions of coloring mandalas, but the control group received no intervention program. The data were analyzed using repeated measures MANOVA in SPSS23. Results: The results indicated that coloring mandalas was effective in increase memory in and reducing test anxiety in students in the posttest stage, and its effects remained stable in the follow-up stage (P<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the findings of the research, coloring mandalas can be used to increase memory and reduce test anxiety in female high school students, and it can also be employed by counselors and psychologists.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
simasadat safavipour naeini; Rasol Roshan Chesli; Shahab Moradi; Abolfazl Karami
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose was to compare the effects of Life Skills Training with and without Mindfulness Training on Experiential Thinking, and Negative Thoughts of youth with motor physical injuries. The research was experimental, with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The statistical population ...
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AbstractThe purpose was to compare the effects of Life Skills Training with and without Mindfulness Training on Experiential Thinking, and Negative Thoughts of youth with motor physical injuries. The research was experimental, with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design. The statistical population included male students with motor-physical injuries from the secondary exceptional high schools in Tehran. The research sample, due to the small size of the statistical population, included all the people of this population in the year 2021-2022. With the purposeful sampling method, 45 subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental and one control group. Group one received life skills training and group two, received life skills training plus mindfulness training. The control group did not receive any training. All three groups responded to the Rational-Experiential Inventory (Epstein & Pacini, 1999), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (Hollon & Kendall, 1980), before and after the training courses and a month after the end of them. In the end, the data was analyzed with One-way variance, repeated measurement variance analysis and multivariate covariance analysis methods. The comparison of the groups showed that both interventions had the same effects on the participants' rational ability, rational engagement, and experiential ability and negative thoughts. It can be said that both educational interventions lead to the strengthening of rational and experimental thinking systems and the reduction of negative thoughts, which is valuable in the case of youth with motor-physical injuries.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Davod Rabiee; abolfazl Farahani; farnaz torabi; gholamreza moradisiyasar; mehri safarnezhad
Abstract
The aim of the research was psychological factors effective in shooting skills of police training centers. The findings were combined in two parts, the findings from documentary studies and the findings from interviews in the form of the foundation's data theorizing method with Strauss and Corbin's approach. ...
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The aim of the research was psychological factors effective in shooting skills of police training centers. The findings were combined in two parts, the findings from documentary studies and the findings from interviews in the form of the foundation's data theorizing method with Strauss and Corbin's approach. The statistical population consisted of 300 people, and 170 people were selected as a sample using Morgan's table, and the researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among them that theoretical saturation was achieved during the interview with the 20th expert. The method used to collect the research data was used as a sequential exploratory mixed method. Data analysis was done with open, central and selective coding of documents and semi-structured interviews during three rounds of interviews until reaching a theoretical consensus to identify the categories of central phenomenon, causal conditions, background, intervention, strategies and consequences. The coding research tool was made according to the instructions of the researcher, whose validity was confirmed by the members of the research group, and its reliability was calculated with the P-Scott criterion of 0.95.The psychological factors affecting the shooting skills of police training centers were identified as follows: 1- environmental factors in the performance of the shooter, 2- anxiety and fear during competition, 3- not being aware of the reason and motivation for participating in competitions, 4- attributing one's own value to abilities. In sports competition, 5- variability in attention focus, 6- poor performance after returning to the initial state, 7- self-confidence, 8- motivation, 9- emotional control, 10- concentration.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Zahra Nasiri; Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli; Amanollah Soltani; Anahita Bahreyni
Abstract
The reason for failure in learning and academic failure is the lack of academic skills. Mentally retarded children, as a special and vulnerable group of society, usually have little academic skills for various reasons. One of the important reasons can be executive functions. The present research was ...
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The reason for failure in learning and academic failure is the lack of academic skills. Mentally retarded children, as a special and vulnerable group of society, usually have little academic skills for various reasons. One of the important reasons can be executive functions. The present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of executive functions in predicting the mathematical academic skills of mentally retarded elementary students. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population was all 995 mentally retarded students of the elementary level in the academic year 1402-1401 in Kerman city; Based on the Morgan-Karjesi table, the statistical sample size of this research was 278 people; which were selected by stratified random sampling method. Brief executive function questionnaire and math teacher-made test were used to collect data. Data analysis was done with spss25 and Amos24 software. The results of the research showed that the model of the role of executive functions in predicting math academic skills in mentally retarded primary school students has an acceptable fit by controlling the effect of intelligence and age. There was a significant relationship between inhibition, attention transfer, emotional control, initiation, working memory, planning, organization of materials and revision with mathematical academic skills of intellectually disabled students, so that the components of executive functions simultaneously accounted for 0.357 of skill variance. The academic skills of intellectually disabled students were explained and the most important predictors of mathematical academic skills in intellectually disabled students were planning and working memory respectively
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Ahmadreza Akbari; Mohammadhasan Seif; Seyd mohammad Shobeiri; Saeed Talebi
Abstract
The objective of this study was to provide a causal model of factors that influence the psychological outcomes of environmental protection simulation training among secondary school students in Shiraz. To achieve this, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was employed based on Cochran's formula, ...
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The objective of this study was to provide a causal model of factors that influence the psychological outcomes of environmental protection simulation training among secondary school students in Shiraz. To achieve this, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was employed based on Cochran's formula, resulting in the selection of 620 students from secondary schools in Shiraz. After using Environmental simulation game, and an amalgamated questionnaire of Keller's game motivation questionnaires (2010), social presence Arba et al. (2008), Need for Cognition Cacciopo and Petty (1982), Mahat Self-Efficacy Scale, Mahd Ayoub and Wang (2012) and environmental engagement questionnaire, 605 questionnaires were completed and returned to the researcher. Out of the distributed questionnaires, 605 were completed and returned to the researcher. The findings revealed that variables such as social presence and the need for cognition have a significant direct and indirect impact on environmental engagement among students, mediated through self-efficacy and motivation variables. Furthermore, model fitting indicators demonstrated that the proposed research model aligns well with the data gathered from secondary school students. In total, 25% of the variations observed in the environmental engagement variable, the primary outcome of the educational simulation, were attributed to the variables of social presence, need for cognition, self-efficacy, and motivation.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Ruhollah Salehitabar; Rahim davari; Hosen Ebrahimi Moghadam
Abstract
The aim of this research was to construct a model that examines the relationships between academic burnout, problem-solving styles, and the mediating role of academic buoyancy. This study utilized a descriptive correlation design, employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as its methodology. The statistical ...
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The aim of this research was to construct a model that examines the relationships between academic burnout, problem-solving styles, and the mediating role of academic buoyancy. This study utilized a descriptive correlation design, employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) as its methodology. The statistical population encompassed all high school students in Hamadan city during the academic year 2022-2023. A sample of 304 students was selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. Data collection instruments included the Mosleshs Academic Burnout questionnaire (2002), Cassidy and Long's Problem-solving Styles questionnaire (1996), and Martin and Marsh's Academic Buoyancy questionnaire (2008). The findings revealed that academic buoyancy, and the components of trust, orientation, and creativity, exerted a negative influence on academic burnout. Conversely, helplessness and avoidance exhibited a positive impact on academic burnout. Notably, the direct effect of the inhibition component on academic burnout was found to be insignificant. Furthermore, components of trust, orientation, and creativity positively affected academic buoyancy, while helplessness, avoidance, and inhibition had have a negative effect on academic buoyancy. Also, components of trust, orientation and creativity have negative effect and helplessness, inhibition and avoidance have a positive effect mediated by academic buoyancy on academic burnout. The results can be a model for intervention.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Ali Mostafaei; fatemeh Bayanfar
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of professional training for preschool educators on career self-efficacy and assertiveness among volunteers engaged in preschool education. The research method employed was quasi-experimental, using a pre-test-post-test design along with a control group. ...
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This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of professional training for preschool educators on career self-efficacy and assertiveness among volunteers engaged in preschool education. The research method employed was quasi-experimental, using a pre-test-post-test design along with a control group. The statistical population comprised all volunteers engaged in preschool education in Mahabad who participated in the professional training course for preschool educators at Payame Noor University in 2020, totaling 197 individuals. A sample of 40 individuals was selected through systematic sampling. Data collection tools included 20 specialized training sessions (two sessions per week), a short form of the self-efficacy scale in career decision-making by Betz et al., and the assertiveness questionnaire by Ay, Holland, and Gallacy. The questionnaire was conducted pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS software version 24. The intervention demonstrated a significant impact on self-assessment, goal selection, job information, and planning, as components of career decision self-efficacy but, had no significant effect on problem-solving (P < 0.09). Additionally, the intervention also affected assertiveness (P <0.05). Considering the positive impact of training on career decision-making self-efficacy and assertiveness, it is recommended that educational policymakers prioritize specialized and professional training as a foundational element to enhance the success of aspiring preschool educators in their chosen career paths.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
shokoufeh mousavi; MahmoudReza Shahsavari; najmeh haghi
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between sensation-seeking, metacognitive beliefs, with high-risk behaviors in students, with the mediating role of coping strategies. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational approach, the study encompassed the entirety of high school students ...
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The present study aimed to investigate the intricate relationship between sensation-seeking, metacognitive beliefs, with high-risk behaviors in students, with the mediating role of coping strategies. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational approach, the study encompassed the entirety of high school students in Khansar, Iran, for the year 2021. The sample size included 254 students. The research instruments included the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), the Zuckerman Sensation-seeking Scale-V, the Metacognitions Stretegies Questionnaire, and the Risky Behaviors Questionnaire. Data analysis involved the use of Pearson correlation coefficients, simultaneous regression, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings revealed a significant correlation between sensation-seeking and metacognitive beliefs and, both variables had a positive and significant relationship with high-risk behaviors. Furthermore, a notable relationship was discerned between metacognitive beliefs and coping strategies. Both metacognitive beliefs and coping strategies had a relationship with high-risk behaviors in the students
Cognitive psychology and school learning
mojtaba beyrami; Parvin Kadivar; Hadi keramati; mehdi arabzadeh; javad kavousian
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Brief self-report measure of behavioral grading of the executive functioning (Version 2) in secondary high school students. The sample included 455 secondary high school students from Zanjan city who were selected ...
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This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Brief self-report measure of behavioral grading of the executive functioning (Version 2) in secondary high school students. The sample included 455 secondary high school students from Zanjan city who were selected through cluster sampling. Participants responded the Giova et al’s self-report measures (2015) Spitzer et al’s generalized anxiety disorder (2006) and Duckworth and Quinn's step stability in face-to-face and classroom performance. The data were analyzed using SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software, and statistical methods including Cronbach's alpha, Pearson correlation, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results of the CFA indicated that the three-factor model (cognitive, behavioral, and emotional) with seven subscales (inhibition, self-monitoring, shifting, emotional control, working memory, planning/organizing, and task completion) had an acceptable fit for Iranian students in comparison with one- and two-factor models. The internal consistency reliability of the total scale was 0.93, and for subscales ranged from 0.70 to 0.90. In order to estimate the criterion validity, the correlation coefficients of the indices and subscales with the generalized anxiety disorder and gait stability scales were respectively positive and negative. According to the obtained results, it can be said that the Persian version of the self-report scale of executive functions has favorable psychometric properties to measure the executive functions of Iranian students and can be a valid tool in educational, research and clinical situations
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Mahdie Jafari Dehabadi; MohammadReza Tamannaeifar
Abstract
Adjustment is considered one of the most crucial indicators of psychological well-being, influenced by a myriad of factors. The present study was undertaken with the objective of examining the relationship between attributional style and adjustment, with self-esteem and self-compassion as mediators, ...
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Adjustment is considered one of the most crucial indicators of psychological well-being, influenced by a myriad of factors. The present study was undertaken with the objective of examining the relationship between attributional style and adjustment, with self-esteem and self-compassion as mediators, among secondary school students in Kashan City during the academic year 2021-2022. Through a multi-stage cluster sampling approach, 327 students (195 females and 132 males) were selected. They completed the adjustment Inventory Students Scale (Sinha and Singh 1993), the Attributional Style Questionnaire (Peterson and Seligman 1984), The Self-Compassion Scale – Short Form (Rees et al., 2011), and the self-esteem scale (Rosenberg 1969). SPSS and AMOS software were employed for statistical analyses. The results demonstrated a significant relationship between attributional style and adjustment, with self-compassion and self-esteem playing mediating roles in this relationship.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Kazem Hassani; Parasto Sohrabi; Mohyedin Mohammad khani
Abstract
This study was conducted to predicting academic failure based on rumination with the mediating role of procrastination and emotion regulation difficulty in second high school period students in Kermanshah city. The research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all female ...
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This study was conducted to predicting academic failure based on rumination with the mediating role of procrastination and emotion regulation difficulty in second high school period students in Kermanshah city. The research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all female students of the second high school period in Kermanshah city, district 1 in the academic year 2022, from which 120 people were selected using available sampling method. To collect data, fear of academic failure assessment questionnaire, rumination questionnaire, academic procrastination questionnaire and emotional regulation difficulty questionnaire were used. Research data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression and structural equation modeling with SPSS-24 software. Based on the results, the proposed model of causal relationships between the mentioned variables had an acceptable fit. In general, in the proposed research model, the results showed that regulating emotions is related to academic failure both directly and indirectly through procrastination and difficulty rumination in students. The results of this research have important practical recommendations for psychologists, counselors and planners in the field of education to identify the cognitive, emotional and academic problems of learners with timely and appropriate interventions and by correcting and treating them they can improve students’.mental health and academic quality.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
maryam Tazesh; Hamidreza Hassanabadi; Parvin Kadivar; Hadi Keramati
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the possible primary effects of teaching inferences in student with specific reading comprehension disability. It adopted an ABA single-subject design. Among the students referred to the learning disorders center, six ones were selected based on the previous scores of the ...
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The study aimed to investigate the possible primary effects of teaching inferences in student with specific reading comprehension disability. It adopted an ABA single-subject design. Among the students referred to the learning disorders center, six ones were selected based on the previous scores of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th Edition and the score obtained in Learning Disability Evaluation Scale - 4th Edition (LDES-4) and due to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The instructional Intervention included 23 sessions. The data were visually and quantitative analyzed using R software. The visual analysis and non-overlap indices and size effects indicated a significant increase in the participants' reading comprehension compared with the baseline and a significant decrease in the return stage compare of with the intervention stage. It seems that the findings have promising contributions to curing learning disabilities by appealing to inferencing learning.
Cognitive psychology and school learning
ahmad rastegar; Fahimeh Samari
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of testing the cyberbullying model in the post-Corona era based on academic support and psychological capital among high school students in Shiraz. For this purpose, 381 students of high school in Shiraz were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method And ...
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This research was conducted with the aim of testing the cyberbullying model in the post-Corona era based on academic support and psychological capital among high school students in Shiraz. For this purpose, 381 students of high school in Shiraz were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method And they responded to Lutans and Auliou (2007) psychological capital questionnaires, Sands and Plunkett (2005) academic support questionnaires, and Antoniodo et al (2016) cyber victim bullying experience questionnaires. The findings showed that the direct effect of academic support components (teacher support, peer support, family support) on psychological capital components (optimism, hope, flexibility and self-efficacy) is positive and significant. In addition, the direct effect of capital components the psychological effects of cyberbullying are negative and significant. At the same time, the indirect effect of academic support components on cyberbullying is negative and significant. In addition, the findings showed that in the fitted model, 42% of the variance of cyber bullying is explained by academic support and psychological capital. The goodness-of-fit indices of the cyberbullying prediction model of secondary school students in the post-Corona era also showed that the fitted model based on experimental data is compatible with the theoretical model derived from the theoretical and experimental background of the research
Cognitive psychology and school learning
Ali Mostafaee; Mitra Samavati
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the nonverbal learning disability relationship with neuropsychological skills and learning disabilities in 8 to 12 years old girl students. The method of the present study was a descriptive method of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of ...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the nonverbal learning disability relationship with neuropsychological skills and learning disabilities in 8 to 12 years old girl students. The method of the present study was a descriptive method of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study included 8- to 12-years-old female students in Tehran in the 1399-1400 academic year. A sample with a size of 30 people was selected using the Klein method by observing the parameter ratio rule to select the sample size. The sampling method was one-stage cluster type. In the present study, the data collection method was a questionnaire that due to the virtual nature of data collection electronically in WhatsApp, the implementation of questionnaires (Goldstein Nonverbal Learning Disabilities Scale, Colorado Learning Disabilities Questionnaire, and Connors Neuropsychological Questionnaire). In order to the data analyse, indices and inferential statistics were used to obtain Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression was used by SPSS software. Also, to analysis of research hypotheses, multivariate regression was used in structural equation analysis method in AMOS software. The results showed that the proposed research model for the research hypothesis had acceptable fit at level RAMSEA=0/09. It was also found that the correlations between factor variables (neuropsychological skills, with nonverbal learning disorders) with effect coefficients B=-0.76) at the level (p= 0.005), and learning difficulties (B=0/80), respectively was significant at the level (p=0.006). Based on which the research hypothesis of modeling was confirmed the relationship between neuropsychological skills and learning disorders with nonverbal learning disorders. According to the effect coefficients obtained in the model tested in this study, it was found that the correlation between factor variables (neuropsychological skills, learning disability) was significant with nonverbal learning disorders. In addition to the main variables, the correlation between components and factor variables were also significant. Based on this, the research hypothesis was confirmed. Therefore, neuropsychological skills and learning disabilities can be used to predict and prevent nonverbal learning disorders
